Difference between “int[] a” and “int a[]” for multiple Array declarations in Java. While declaring multiple Arrays in Java at the same time, the method of declaration is important and needs to follow the proper syntax. If not, it will result in compile-time errors. Correct syntax to declare multiple arrays; int []a, b; For example:This code converts the values in a list of dictionaries from strings to integers. It does this by using the map () function to apply a lambda function to each dictionary in the list. The lambda function creates a new dictionary with the same keys as the original dictionary, but the values are converted to integers using the int () function.public static int parseInt(String s, int radix) throws NumberFormatException. Example: Java // Java program to demonstrate working parseInt() public class GFGIn Java, int is a primitive data type while Integer is a Wrapper class. int, being a primitive data type has got less flexibility. We can only store the binary value of an integer in it. Since Integer is a wrapper class for int data type, it gives us more flexibility in storing, converting and manipulating an int data.Jan 1, 2021 · In C, the long int data type occupies 4 bytes ( 32 bits) of memory to store an integer value. long int or signed long int data type denotes a 32 – bit signed integer that can hold any value between -2,147,483,648 (-2 31) and 2,147,483,647 (2 31 -1). unsigned long int data type denotes a 32 – bit integer. It does not use a bit to store the sign. 2 days ago · Integers are your primary data-type for number storage. On the Arduino Uno (and other ATmega based boards) an int stores a 16-bit (2-byte) value. This yields a range of -32,768 to 32,767 (minimum value of -2^15 and a maximum value of (2^15) - 1). On the Arduino Due and SAMD based boards (like MKR1000 and Zero), an int stores a 32-bit (4-byte ... Jun 12, 2023 · fprintf() and related functions (For the length modifier c, if no l length modifier is present, the int argument is converted to an unsigned char, and the resulting character is written.) fputc() ungetc() memchr() and to arguments to the following library functions that are converted to char: strchr() strrchr() All of the functions listed in ... GDScript. var x: int = 1 # x is 1 x = 4.2 # x is 4, because 4.2 gets truncated var max_int = 9223372036854775807 # Biggest value an int can store max_int += 1 # max_int is -9223372036854775808, because it wrapped around. In GDScript, you can use the 0b literal for binary representation, the 0x literal for hexadecimal representation, and the ... Python int() Function Examples. Let us see a few examples of int() in Python. Python int() with different DataTypes. In this example, we passed a string, a float, and an integer value as a parameter to the int() function in Python to see how the input is affected by applying the int() function.Jul 30, 2023 · How to convert int to string in Java? There are certain methods for Integer to String conversions are mentioned below: Using the toString () method of the Integer class. Using the valueOf () method of the String class. Using Integer (int).toString () method of Integer class. Using concatenation with an empty string. 1. INT: Internet: INT: Interface (Cisco networking) INT: Intended (virus scanners) INT: Integration: INT: Intelligence: INT: Interior (screenwriting) INT: Interference (baseball) INT: Interim: INT: Interrupt: INT: Interception (football) INT: Intermittent: INT: Intercept: INT: Institut National des Telecommunications: INT: Intermission: INT ...Integers are your primary data-type for number storage. On the Arduino Uno (and other ATmega based boards) an int stores a 16-bit (2-byte) value. This yields a range of -32,768 to 32,767 (minimum value of -2^15 and a maximum value of (2^15) - 1). On the Arduino Due and SAMD based boards (like MKR1000 and Zero), an int stores a 32-bit (4-byte ...int Object. Language Version: ActionScript 3.0. Runtime Versions: AIR 1.0, Flash Player 9, Flash Lite 4. The int class lets you work with the data type representing a 32-bit signed integer. The range of values represented by the int class is -2,147,483,648 (-2^31) to 2,147,483,647 (2^31-1). INT is an x86 instruction that triggers a software interrupt, and 13 hex is the interrupt number (as a hexadecimal value) being called. Modern computers come with both BIOS INT 13h and UEFI functionality that provides the same services and more, with the exception of UEFI Class 3 that completely removes CSM thus lacks INT 13h and other interrupts.The storage size of the C short int data type depends on the hardware and operating system of the computer that you use. In ESQL/C, the long int data type of C is always treated as 4 bytes, regardless of the platform or hardware. This makes long int useful for storing values of the SMALLINT, INTEGER, INT, and SERIAL data types of Informix®.Output: The Randomly generated integer is : -2052834321. java.util.Random.nextInt (int n) : The nextInt (int n) is used to get a random number between 0 (inclusive) and the number passed in this argument (n), exclusive. Declaration : public int nextInt (int n) Parameters : n : This is the bound on the random number to be returned.Integers are your primary data-type for number storage. On the Arduino Uno (and other ATmega based boards) an int stores a 16-bit (2-byte) value. This yields a range of -32,768 to 32,767 (minimum value of -2^15 and a maximum value of (2^15) - 1). On the Arduino Due and SAMD based boards (like MKR1000 and Zero), an int stores a 32-bit (4-byte ...The Institute for Nuclear Theory, a national resource funded by the US Department of Energy and the University of Washington, provides an environment for scientists to advance the frontiers of subatomic physics. Scientific meetings at the INT attract hundreds of visitors annually from around the world to hasten breakthrough discoveries through ...What does the abbreviation INT stand for? Meaning: intelligence. intelligence; intercept; interest… See the full definition Hello, Username. Log ...INT performs a type conversion to an integer and always returns an integer value. If <Number> is an Integer or a Decimal data type data type, then the result is an Integer data type. If <Number> is a Currency, then the result is also a Currency data type. Other rounding functions (such as TRUNC) return a Decimal data type.Describing...We have given a integer array arr and the task is to convert integer array into the list lst in C#. In order to do this task, we have the following methods: Method 1: List<T> class: This represents the list of objects which can be accessed by index. It comes under the System.Collection.Generic namespace.KIT/INT. KIT/INT. We conduct fundamental and applied research with a focus on innovation in the fields of nanoscience and nanotechnology. Our scientists collaborate within the institute and with partners around the world across the disciplines of physics, chemistry, and materials science, as well as biology and medicine. Nature / AOC, KIT.Describing... 2 days ago · Int. definition: int. is an abbreviation for → internal or for → international . | Meaning, pronunciation, translations and examples How to convert int to string in Java? There are certain methods for Integer to String conversions are mentioned below: Using the toString () method of the Integer class. Using the valueOf () method of the String class. Using Integer (int).toString () method of Integer class. Using concatenation with an empty string. 1.CAST Function to convert int to string. The following example shows how to use the CAST function. In this example, we are converting the OrderQty which is an integer into varchar with SELECT CAST syntax. SELECT 'Order quantity:' + space(1) + CAST(OrderQty as varchar(20)) as Ordqty FROM [Production]. [WorkOrder]The capitalized function name Int is the inert version of the int function, which simply returns unevaluated. It appears gray so that it is easily distinguished from a returned int calling sequence. In this form, expression can be a procedure, which can be integrated numerically. •KIT/INT. KIT/INT. We conduct fundamental and applied research with a focus on innovation in the fields of nanoscience and nanotechnology. Our scientists collaborate within the institute and with partners around the world across the disciplines of physics, chemistry, and materials science, as well as biology and medicine. Nature / AOC, KIT.int *const is a constant pointer to integer This means that the variable being declared is a constant pointer pointing to an integer. Effectively, this implies that the pointer shouldn’t point to some other address. Const qualifier doesn’t affect the value of integer in this scenario so the value being stored in the address is allowed to ...Output: The Randomly generated integer is : -2052834321. java.util.Random.nextInt (int n) : The nextInt (int n) is used to get a random number between 0 (inclusive) and the number passed in this argument (n), exclusive. Declaration : public int nextInt (int n) Parameters : n : This is the bound on the random number to be returned.INT Technologies | 8,945 followers on LinkedIn. ettain group is the Talent Solutions Company that delivers Recruitment Solutions and Managed Solutions in Technology, Healthcare IT, Digital ...public static int sum(int a, int b) Parameter: The method accepts two parameters that are to be added with each other: a : the first integer value. b : the second integer value. Return Value: The method returns the sum of its arguments.Integer adalah salah satu jenis tipe data primitif yang secara standar sudah terdefinisi pada suatu bahasa pemrograman. Biasanya, tipe data tersebut sering dinamakan tipe data dasar. Dalam pemrograman, tipe data primitif sering digunakan oleh para programmer. Contoh dari tipe data ini adalah integer, float, char, dan boolean.Jun 12, 2023 · fprintf() and related functions (For the length modifier c, if no l length modifier is present, the int argument is converted to an unsigned char, and the resulting character is written.) fputc() ungetc() memchr() and to arguments to the following library functions that are converted to char: strchr() strrchr() All of the functions listed in ... %INT(numeric or character expression) %INT converts the value of the expression to integer. Any decimal digits are truncated. This built-in function may only be used in expressions. %INT can be used to truncate the decimal positions from a float or decimal value allowing it to be used as an array index.A minimum integer value that can be stored in an int data type is typically -2, 147, 483, 648, around -231, but is compiler dependent. In case of overflow or underflow of data type, the value is wrapped around. For example, if -2, 147, 483, 648 is stored in an int data type and 1 is subtracted from it, the value in that variable will become ...The int data type is the primary integer data type in SQL Server. The bigint data type is intended for use when integer values might exceed the range that is supported by the int data type. bigint fits between smallmoney and int in the data type precedence chart. Functions return bigint only if the parameter expression is a bigint data type.GDScript. var x: int = 1 # x is 1 x = 4.2 # x is 4, because 4.2 gets truncated var max_int = 9223372036854775807 # Biggest value an int can store max_int += 1 # max_int is -9223372036854775808, because it wrapped around. In GDScript, you can use the 0b literal for binary representation, the 0x literal for hexadecimal representation, and the ...INT (x86 instruction), an assembly language instruction for the x86 architecture for generating a software interrupt. abbreviation for internationalization. .int, a generic top-level domain (gTLD) INT - Interactive software development environment. Often a segregated computer network used for testing current and future software releases.Feb 15, 2015 · First off, the conversion (int *) &var converts char * to int *, which is explicitly allowed by §6.3.2.3p7 if and only if the value of the pointer-to- char is properly aligned for an object of type int. A pointer to an object type may be converted to a pointer to a different object type. If the resulting pointer is not correctly aligned for ... Int. definition: int. is an abbreviation for → internal or for → international . | Meaning, pronunciation, translations and examples in American EnglishLeaders and heads of states from the leading economies of the world will flock to New Delhi for the G20 Summit scheduled to begin from Saturday.World leaders including US President Joe Biden, German Chancellor Olaf Scholz, French President Emmanuel Macron and others will meet in the national capital over the weekend and discuss and agree on the economic and pressing challenges before the ...You can enter this form information using the UltraTax CS Source Data Entry utility. Otherwise, use the table below to enter form information on the appropriate input screens. Form field. Folder > Screen. Field. Statement column. Payer's Name. Income > B&D. Interest Income.int (*p)(): Here “p” is a function pointer which can store the address of a function taking no arguments and returning an integer. *p is the function and ‘p‘ is a pointer. Below is the program to illustrate the use of int (*p)():9 hours ago · Naturally, after Thursday's practice, the 49ers quarterback was asked about Peterson's comments. Purdy took the high road rather than fire back at the Steelers defender. "I mean, I don't really ... GDScript. var x: int = 1 # x is 1 x = 4.2 # x is 4, because 4.2 gets truncated var max_int = 9223372036854775807 # Biggest value an int can store max_int += 1 # max_int is -9223372036854775808, because it wrapped around. In GDScript, you can use the 0b literal for binary representation, the 0x literal for hexadecimal representation, and the ... You can enter this form information using the UltraTax CS Source Data Entry utility. Otherwise, use the table below to enter form information on the appropriate input screens. Form field. Folder > Screen. Field. Statement column. Payer's Name. Income > B&D. Interest Income.Int, short for "integer," is a fundamental variable type built into the compiler and used to define numeric variables holding whole numbers. Other data types include float and double . C, C++, C# and many other programming languages recognize int as a data type. In C++, the following is how you declare an integer variable:KIT/INT. KIT/INT. We conduct fundamental and applied research with a focus on innovation in the fields of nanoscience and nanotechnology. Our scientists collaborate within the institute and with partners around the world across the disciplines of physics, chemistry, and materials science, as well as biology and medicine. Nature / AOC, KIT. 1. Basic Types. They are arithmetic types and are further classified into: (a) integer types and (b) floating-point types. 2. Enumerated types. They are again arithmetic types and they are used to define variables that can only assign certain discrete integer values throughout the program. 3. The type void. sizeof (int) returns the number of bytes used to store an integer. int* means a pointer to a variable whose datatype is integer. sizeof (int*) returns the number of bytes used to store a pointer. Since the sizeof operator returns the size of the datatype or the parameter we pass to it. So, the value it should return after passing a variable of ...GDScript. var x: int = 1 # x is 1 x = 4.2 # x is 4, because 4.2 gets truncated var max_int = 9223372036854775807 # Biggest value an int can store max_int += 1 # max_int is -9223372036854775808, because it wrapped around. In GDScript, you can use the 0b literal for binary representation, the 0x literal for hexadecimal representation, and the ... INT: Internet: INT: Interface (Cisco networking) INT: Intended (virus scanners) INT: Integration: INT: Intelligence: INT: Interior (screenwriting) INT: Interference (baseball) INT: Interim: INT: Interrupt: INT: Interception (football) INT: Intermittent: INT: Intercept: INT: Institut National des Telecommunications: INT: Intermission: INT ...Describing...INT is an assembly language instruction for x86 processors that generates a software interrupt. It takes the interrupt number formatted as a byte value. [1] When written in assembly language, the instruction is written like this: where X is the software interrupt that should be generated (0-255). As is customary with machine binary arithmetic ... 9-letter words that start with int. int erview. int erface. int roduce. int ention. int egrate. int ensive. int egrity. int ensity. Java IntStream class is a specialization of Stream interface for int primitive. It represents a stream of primitive int-valued elements supporting sequential and parallel aggregate operations. IntStream is part of the java.util.stream package and implements AutoCloseable and BaseStream interfaces. 1. Creating IntStreamCompany Type For Profit. Contact Email [email protected]. Phone Number 1-888-588-4468. INT Technologies was founded in 2000 and has experienced tremendous growth ever since. They've become a leading staffing solutions provider to several Fortune 2000 companies. They were also honored by Inc. magazine for the last 5 consecutive years as ...1. Basic Types. They are arithmetic types and are further classified into: (a) integer types and (b) floating-point types. 2. Enumerated types. They are again arithmetic types and they are used to define variables that can only assign certain discrete integer values throughout the program. 3. The type void.The storage size of the C short int data type depends on the hardware and operating system of the computer that you use. In ESQL/C, the long int data type of C is always treated as 4 bytes, regardless of the platform or hardware. This makes long int useful for storing values of the SMALLINT, INTEGER, INT, and SERIAL data types of Informix®. 9-letter words that start with int. int erview. int erface. int roduce. int ention. int egrate. int ensive. int egrity. int ensity. public static int parseInt(String s, int radix) throws NumberFormatException. Example: Java // Java program to demonstrate working parseInt() public class GFGAug 30, 2023 · INT performs a type conversion to an integer and always returns an integer value. If <Number> is an Integer or a Decimal data type data type, then the result is an Integer data type. If <Number> is a Currency, then the result is also a Currency data type. Other rounding functions (such as TRUNC) return a Decimal data type. The INT and the National Science Foundation co-sponsor the annual Summer School in Nuclear Physics, an annual school for advanced graduate students. The INT and the UW Department of Physics, co-host a very successful annual Research Experiences for Undergraduates (REU) program that attracts a large number of applications each year from ...1. 10. INT. @INTCHAIN. ·. Jun 16. Such a dreadful shock，Feel so sorry to hear that bad news，Raymond Tan is advisor of INT who provided a lot of support and assistance during the establishment of INT,May there be no pain in heaven，We will miss you. Quote Tweet.INT Technologies | 8,945 followers on LinkedIn. ettain group is the Talent Solutions Company that delivers Recruitment Solutions and Managed Solutions in Technology, Healthcare IT, Digital ...The Institute for Nuclear Theory, a national resource funded by the US Department of Energy and the University of Washington, provides an environment for scientists to advance the frontiers of subatomic physics. Scientific meetings at the INT attract hundreds of visitors annually from around the world to hasten breakthrough discoveries through ...Long long int. 8. -2^63 to 2^63 – 1. Long long takes the double memory as compared to long. But it can also be different on various systems. Its range depends on the type of application. The guaranteed minimum usable bit sizes for different data types: char: 8. short: 16.What does the abbreviation INT stand for? Meaning: intelligence. intelligence; intercept; interest… See the full definition Hello, Username. Log ...Int, short for "integer," is a fundamental variable type built into the compiler and used to define numeric variables holding whole numbers. Other data types include float and double . C, C++, C# and many other programming languages recognize int as a data type. In C++, the following is how you declare an integer variable:Describing...Company Type For Profit. Contact Email [email protected]. Phone Number 1-888-588-4468. INT Technologies was founded in 2000 and has experienced tremendous growth ever since. They've become a leading staffing solutions provider to several Fortune 2000 companies. They were also honored by Inc. magazine for the last 5 consecutive years as ... May 19, 2023 · unsigned int: Unsigned int data type in C is used to store the data values from zero to positive numbers but it can’t store negative values like signed int. short int: It is lesser in size than the int by 2 bytes so can only store values from – 32,768 to 32,767. long int: Larger version of the int datatype so can store values greater than int. What's More. This package installs the ACPI driver which includes the support for power management and Plug & Play (PnP) device enumeration. Supported Systems. ThinkCentre M93z. Supported Operating Systems. Microsoft Windows 10 (64-bit) Additional Information. Please refer to the README file for the following:The domain name int is a sponsored top-level domain (sTLD) in the Domain Name System of the Internet. Its name is derived from the word international, characterizing its use for international organizations and treaty-related purposes. [1] The first use of this domain was by NATO, which had previously been assigned the top-level domain .nato .INT is an assembly language instruction for x86 processors that generates a software interrupt. It takes the interrupt number formatted as a byte value. [1] When written in assembly language, the instruction is written like this: where X is the software interrupt that should be generated (0-255). As is customary with machine binary arithmetic ... You can send us all your opinions and expectations from the “New feedback” section at the bottom of the page. You can follow the topics you have given feedback with the feedback registration number from the “Previous feedback” section at the bottom of the page. You can review the feedback assessment process here .3,746 Followers, 85 Following, 842 Posts - See Instagram photos and videos from INT | INSTITUTO NACIONAL DE TECNOLOGIA (@int.online)The INT and the National Science Foundation co-sponsor the annual Summer School in Nuclear Physics, an annual school for advanced graduate students. The INT and the UW Department of Physics, co-host a very successful annual Research Experiences for Undergraduates (REU) program that attracts a large number of applications each year from ...Get the latest Intellego Technologies AB (INT) real-time quote, historical performance, charts, and other financial information to help you make more informed trading and investment decisions. May 19, 2023 · unsigned int: Unsigned int data type in C is used to store the data values from zero to positive numbers but it can’t store negative values like signed int. short int: It is lesser in size than the int by 2 bytes so can only store values from – 32,768 to 32,767. long int: Larger version of the int datatype so can store values greater than int. INT POWR Grades. Value is the dimension where INT ranks best; there it ranks ahead of 95.83% of US stocks. The strongest trend for INT is in Quality, which has been heading down over the past 178 days. INT ranks lowest in Stability; there it ranks in the 39th percentile.In C, the long int data type occupies 4 bytes ( 32 bits) of memory to store an integer value. long int or signed long int data type denotes a 32 – bit signed integer that can hold any value between -2,147,483,648 (-2 31) and 2,147,483,647 (2 31 -1). unsigned long int data type denotes a 32 – bit integer. It does not use a bit to store the sign.Syntax: int stoi (const string& str, size_t* index = 0, int base = 10); 4. Syntax: int atoi (const char * str); 3. String to int Conversion Using stringstream Class. The stringstream class in C++ allows us to associate a string to be read as if it were a stream.INT | 6,366 followers on LinkedIn. We empower data visualization for energy. | For more than three decades, we’ve supported geoscientists by creating products that help visualize, monitor, and ...rint () in Java (Rounding to int) In Java, Math.rint () is an inbuilt method that is used to round off the floating-point argument to an integer value (in floating-point format).3 hours ago · Leaders and heads of states from the leading economies of the world will flock to New Delhi for the G20 Summit scheduled to begin from Saturday.World leaders including US President Joe Biden, German Chancellor Olaf Scholz, French President Emmanuel Macron and others will meet in the national capital over the weekend and discuss and agree on the economic and pressing challenges before the ...
Casts a value to a decimal (base 10) integer. ... Values with a leading zero are octal (base 8). When casting a string representation of a decimal (base 10) number, remove leading zeros:. Atandt corporate careers
Rounds a number down to the nearest integer that is less than or equal to it. Sample Usage INT(99.44) INT(A2) Syntax INT(value) value - The value to round down to the nearest integer.. Global Breakouts: Xavier Giannoli’s Financial Crime Thriller ‘Of Money And Blood’ Set Sights On Int'l Career With Venice Film Festival LaunchINT performs a type conversion to an integer and always returns an integer value. If <Number> is an Integer or a Decimal data type data type, then the result is an Integer data type. If <Number> is a Currency, then the result is also a Currency data type. Other rounding functions (such as TRUNC) return a Decimal data type.Jan 4, 2023 · Explanation: As both string and int are not in the same object hierarchy, we cannot perform implicit or explicit type casting as we can do in case of double to int or float to int conversion. In the above code, we can see the output gives the warning with any garbage value inside it. So, to avoid such conditions, we use the methods specified above. Sep 14, 2016 · C++: this often means a reference. For example, consider: void func (int &x) { x = 4; } void callfunc () { int x = 7; func (x); } As such, C++ can pass by value or pass by reference. C however has no such pass by reference functionality. & means "addressof" and is a way to formulate a pointer from a variable. Jan 4, 2023 · Explanation: As both string and int are not in the same object hierarchy, we cannot perform implicit or explicit type casting as we can do in case of double to int or float to int conversion. In the above code, we can see the output gives the warning with any garbage value inside it. So, to avoid such conditions, we use the methods specified above. INT: Internet: INT: Interface (Cisco networking) INT: Intended (virus scanners) INT: Integration: INT: Intelligence: INT: Interior (screenwriting) INT: Interference (baseball) INT: Interim: INT: Interrupt: INT: Interception (football) INT: Intermittent: INT: Intercept: INT: Institut National des Telecommunications: INT: Intermission: INT ...Nov 6, 2019 · Output: The Randomly generated integer is : -2052834321. java.util.Random.nextInt (int n) : The nextInt (int n) is used to get a random number between 0 (inclusive) and the number passed in this argument (n), exclusive. Declaration : public int nextInt (int n) Parameters : n : This is the bound on the random number to be returned. Long long int. 8. -2^63 to 2^63 – 1. Long long takes the double memory as compared to long. But it can also be different on various systems. Its range depends on the type of application. The guaranteed minimum usable bit sizes for different data types: char: 8. short: 16.Global Breakouts: Xavier Giannoli’s Financial Crime Thriller ‘Of Money And Blood’ Set Sights On Int'l Career With Venice Film Festival Launchint Object. Language Version: ActionScript 3.0. Runtime Versions: AIR 1.0, Flash Player 9, Flash Lite 4. The int class lets you work with the data type representing a 32-bit signed integer. The range of values represented by the int class is -2,147,483,648 (-2^31) to 2,147,483,647 (2^31-1).int Keyword in C#. Keywords are the words in a language that are used for some internal process or represent some predefined actions. int is a keyword that is used to declare a variable which can store an integral type of value (signed integer) the range from -2,147,483,648 to 2,147,483,647. It is an alias of System.Int32.Difference between Signed Int and Unsigned Int. Signed Int. Unsigned Int. A signed int can store negative values. Unsigned integer values can only store positive values. A signed integer can hold values from -2 32 /2 – 1 ( -2147483648 ) to 2 32 /2 – 1 ( 2147483647 ) A 32-bit unsigned integer can store only positive values from 0 to 2 32 -1 ...8 Answers Sorted by: 56 It returns a reference to an int. References are similar to pointers but with some important distinctions. I'd recommend you read up on the differences between pointers, references, objects and primitive data types.Input: str = “985632” Output: 985632 Explanation: Given input is in string form and returned output is in integer form. Input: str = “123” Output: 123 Explanation: Given input is in string form and returned output is in integer form. Approach: The idea is to use the ASCII value of the digits from 0 to 9 start from 48 – 57.The int data type is the primary integer data type in SQL Server. The bigint data type is intended for use when integer values might exceed the range that is supported by the int data type. bigint fits between smallmoney and int in the data type precedence chart. Functions return bigint only if the parameter expression is a bigint data type.8 Answers Sorted by: 56 It returns a reference to an int. References are similar to pointers but with some important distinctions. I'd recommend you read up on the differences between pointers, references, objects and primitive data types..